PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS PRAVILA Present perfect continuous čas uporabim, ko govorim o: 1. PRETEKLEM DEJANJU, KI SE JE KONČALO PRED KRATKIM. LAHKO OMENIM, KAKŠNE POSLEDICE IMA TO DEJANJE V SEDANJOSTI. I’m exhausted because I have been working hard.The street is wet. Has it been raining?We haven’t been paying attention so we don’t remember it. 2. DEJANJU, KI SE JE ZAČELO V PRETEKLOSTI IN ŠE VEDNO TRAJA. UPORABIM PRISLOVA FOR ALI SINCE. She has been learning English for 3 years.Have they been seeing each other since last year?We haven’t been working for a long time. 3. DEJANJU, KI SE JE ZAČELO V PRETEKLOSTI IN ŠE VEDNO TRAJA, AMPAK GA VIDIMO KOT ZAČASNO, TRENUTNO. POMAGAMO SI S PRISLOVOMA RECENTLY ALI LATELY. We have been going to galleries recently.I haven’t been studying very hard lately.Has he been sleeping well recently?Sheila has been reading a lot lately. POZOR! PRI RABI STATIČNIH GLAGOLOV (stative verbs, seznam spodaj) PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS ČASA NE MOREMO UPORABITI. V TEM PRIMERU UPORABIMO PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE ČAS. They have known each other for years.Have they disagreed on these issuies?Sarah hasn’t loved him for a while now.We have been married since 2012.Has Ben owed him money for a long time?My son has promised a lot of things lately. Kako tvorim present perfect continuous tense? 1. V trdilnem stavku present perfect continuous tvorim tako, da za osebnim zaimkom (ali imenom oziroma nazivom stvari, živali ...), ki stoji na začetku stavka, postavim pomožnik HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN. Ta je kombinacija pomožnega glagola HAVE (za perfect čase) in pomožnega glagola BE (rabimo ga v vseh časih, a ne povsod). V tem primeru je uporabljen zato, ker je pred nami continuous čas (present perfect continuous). Za pomožnikom HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN postavimo glavni glagol, ki ima končnico -ing. Oblika pomožnika HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN je odvisna od tega, kateri zaimek postavimo predenj: I, you, he, she, it, we in they. I, you, we in they - kombiniramo s HAVE BEEN. He, she, in it - kombiniramo s HAS BEEN. Pomožnik HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN lahko uporabim na daljši ali krajši način. PRIMERI: I have been reading a book. / I've been reading a book. You have been watching TV. / You've been watching TV. She has been riding a bike. / She's been riding a bike. kateri zaimek postavimo predenj: 2. HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN je pomožnik, ki je sestavljen iz dveh pomožnih glagolov (HAVE in BE), njegov namen je, da pomaga. Kako? HAVE nam pove, da smo v present perfect času. BE (v kombinaciji z glavnim glagolom, ki ima končnico -ing), nam pove, da smo v continuous času. HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN, nam povesta, da smo v present perfect continuous času. Pomožnik HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN nam pomaga tudi pri ZANIKANJU in POSTAVLJANJU VPRAŠANJ. Pri zanikanju HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN pomagata tako, da nase vežeta angleško besedo za zanikanje NOT: HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN lahko uporabim v daljši ali krajši obliki. PRIMERI: I have not been reading lately. / I haven't been reading lately. She has not been singing for a year. / She hasn't been singing for a year. Bill and Jake have not been playing chess recently. / Bill and Jake haven't been playing chess recently. kateri zaimek postavimo predenj: Pri postavljanju vprašanj pomožnik HAVE BEEN / HAS BEEN "razbijemo" na dva dela in sicer tako, da HAVE / HAS postavimo na začetek vprašanja (DA / NE vprašanja) ali takoj za vprašalnico (who, where, when, why...) pri informativnih vprašanjih. Pomožni glagol BE (v obliki BEEN) postavimo pred glavni glagol (ima končnico -ing). DA / NE VPRAŠANJA IN ODGOVORI: Have you been studying English? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. Has he been running for the last hour? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't. Have we been dreaming? Yes, we have. / No, we haven't. INFORMATIVNA VPRAŠANJA: How long have we been building the house? Where has she been exercising? What music have you been listening to lately? Present perfect continuous pravila črkovanja 1. Večini glagolov dodamo končnico -ing. I have been working from home recently. He has been cooking a stew. They have been eating lunch for the last hour. work - working / cook - cooking / eat - eating 2. Glagoli, ki se v osnovni obliki končajo na -e, izgubijo -e, ko dodamo končnico -ing. We have been dancing all night. She hasn't been driving a car for quite some time. Have they been having a good time? dance - dancing / drive - driving / have - having 3. Pri enozložnih glagolih (imajo en zlog), ki se končajo na soglasnik + samoglasnik + soglasnik, zadnji soglasnik podvojimo in dodamo končnico -ing. Nikoli ne podvajamo črk -x, -y, in -w. I have been running to school lately. Have you been stirring the sauce? He hasn't been swimming in the lake. run - running / stir - stirring / swim - swimming 4. Pri glagolih, ki se končajo na -ie, se -ie spremeni v -y, nato dodamo še -ing. He has been tying the boat for too long. Have you been lying to me? Her mother has been dying in hospital. tie - tying / lie - lying / die - dying PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE TABELA in VAJE TABELA: Oblike in raba present perfect continuous časa v PDF obliki. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TABELA STATIVE VERBS GLAGOLI STANJA VAJE: Present perfect continuous tense vaje z rešitvami v PDF obliki. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE 1 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE 2 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE 3 TEČAJI ANGLEŠČINE V SKUPINI Info INDIVIDUALNI Info INŠTRUKCIJE Info NA DALJAVO Info POSLOVNI Info PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE